The Scholars (also translated as An Unofficial History of the Literati ) is one of China's greatest classical novels, written by Wu Jingzi (吴敬梓) during the Qing dynasty. Completed around 1750, it is widely regarded as the first major satirical novel in Chinese literature—a biting critique of the imperial examination system that dominated Chinese society for over a thousand years. To understand the thorough rejection of fame and fortune expressed in the opening verses of The

The Birth of Tragedy ( Die Geburt der Tragödie ) is the first major work by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche , published in 1872 when he was just 27 years old and serving as a professor of classical philology at the University of Basel. Though initially met with hostile reviews from the academic establishment, it has since become one of the most influential works in aesthetics, philosophy, and literary criticism. Companionship is not merely a matter between people of t